WHAT IS CHIKUNGUNYA DISEASE?
Chikungunya is a potentially life-altering disease caused by the chikungunya virus.
- The name “chikungunya” comes from the word for “becoming contorted” in the African Kimakonde language, and describes the stooped appearance of those who suffer from persistent joint pain related to this disease.
- It is caused by the chikungunya virus and is mainly transmitted by infected daytime-active mosquitoes.
- Most infected people will develop symptoms, the most common being fever and severe pain in multiple joints.
- The symptoms of chikungunya usually last for a few days but can linger and last weeks, months or even years.
- There is no specific treatment for chikungunya disease. Supportive care mainly involves helping relieve symptoms of fever and joint pain.
While most people recover fully from chikungunya, some cases can last from months to years
The chikungunya virus has become more frequent and widespread, having now been identified in over 110 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas.
Dengue and Zika have similar symptoms to chikungunya, making diagnosis challenging.
As many as 75% of those infected with chikungunya virus develop symptoms. Symptoms include fever and debilitating, severe joint pain, which is frequent and varies in duration; other symptoms include joint swelling, muscle pain, headache, nausea, fatigue and rash.
Chikungunya disease follows acute and chronic phases, with up to 43% of infected patients developing the chronic form of the disease. Chronic chikungunya is characterized by joint pain, fatigue, and potentially debilitating effects (e.g., depression, mood and sleep disorders) that can last from months to years, and some may never fully recover.
